Δυρράχιον - Stephanos Ethnika

ΔυρράχιονParisinus OCR ✓ Trans ✓ Confirmed ✓

city

Δυρράχιον, πόλις Ἰλλυρική, [καὶ] Ἐπίδαμνος κληθεῖσα ἀπὸ Ἐπιδάμνου. τούτου θυγάτηρ Μέλισσα, ἧς καὶ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος ὁ Δυρράχιος· ἀφ´ ἧς ἔστιν ἐν Ἐπιδάμνῳ τόπος Μελισσώνιος, ἔνθα Ποσειδῶν αὐτῇ συνῆλθεν, ὡς Φίλων. [Στράβων δ´ ἐν ηʹ φησί] “μετὰ δὲ τὸν Ῥιζονικὸν Λίσσος ἐστὶ πόλις καὶ Ἀκρόλισσος καὶ Ἐπίδαμνος Κερκυραίων κτίσμα, ἡ νῦν Δυρράχιον ὁμωνύμως τῇ χερρονήσῳ λεγομένη ἐφ´ ἧς ἵδρυται”. Δέξιππος δὲ ἐν χρονικῶν ιʹ φησὶν οὕτως “καὶ Μακεδόνων τὴν [πρότερον] μὲν Ἐπίδαμνον, ἐσύστερον δὲ Δυρράχιον μετονομασθεῖσαν, πόλιν τῆς Μακεδονίας μεγάλην καὶ εὐδαίμονα κατὰ κράτος αἱροῦσιν”. Ἀλέξανδρος δὲ ἐν Εὐρώπῃ μετὰ τοῦ « σ » Δυσράχιον αὐτὴν καλεῖ “Δυσραχίου τ´ Ἐπίδαμνος ἐπ´ ἀγχιάλου χθονὸς ἀκτῆς”. ἔστι καὶ ἄλλη Λακωνικῆς μία τῶν ρʹ. λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἡ χώρα τῆς Ἰλλυρίας Δυρραχία· Εὐφορίων “ἄστεα Δυρραχίης τε καὶ ἔθνεα Ταυλαντίνων”. καὶ δῆλον ὅτι Δυρράχιος τὸ τούτου ἀρσενικόν, ὡς τοῦ Ἀνακτόριον τὸ Ἀνακτόριος, Βυζάντιον Βυζάντιος, Θούριον Θούριος, Κούριον Κούριος. Ἐρατοσθένης γʹ γεωγραφουμένων “ἐχόμενοι δ´ οἰκοῦσι Ταυλάντιοι. πόλις δὲ Ἑλληνὶς Ἐπίδαμνος ἐπὶ χερρονήσου τῆς καλουμένης Δυρραχίου. ποταμοὶ δὲ Δρίλων καὶ Ἀῶος, περὶ οὓς οἱ Κάδμου καὶ Ἁρμονίας τάφοι δείκνυνται”. ὅμως δὲ νῦν Δυρραχηνοί λέγονται. οὕτω γὰρ καὶ Βάλακρος ἐν Μακεδονικοῖς φησί “καὶ τούτων αἱ πόλεις Δυρραχηνοῖς τε καὶ Ἀπολλωνιάταις ἐπιδιῄρηνται”. καὶ Ἑρέννιος Φίλων ἐν τοῖς Ἰατρικοῖς Δυρραχηνὸν ἀναγράφει Φιλωνίδην οὕτως “Ἀσκληπιάδης ἀκουστὰς ἔσχε Τίτον Αὐφίδιον Σικελὸν καὶ Φιλωνίδην Δυρραχηνὸν καὶ Νίκωνα Ἀκραγαντῖνον”. καὶ πάλιν “Φιλωνίδης δὲ ὁ Δυρραχηνὸς ἤκουσε μὲν Ἀσκληπιάδου, ἰατρεύσας δὲ ἐν τῇ πατρίδι ἐνδόξως συνετάξατο βιβλία μέ”. λέγει δὲ Παυσανίας ϛʹ περὶ τῆς ἀρχαίας καὶ τῆς νῦν πόλεως οὕτως “Ἐπιδάμνιοι μὲν χώραν ἥν περ καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, πόλιν δὲ οὐ τὴν ἀρχαίαν ἐπὶ ἡμῶν ἔχουσιν, ἐκείνης δ´ ἀφεστηκυῖαν ὀλίγον· ὄνομα δὲ τῇ πόλει [τῇ νῦν] Δυρράχιον ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ”.

Translation pending

Text Details

Entry	#143
Greek text	meineke (current) · csv_fallback
Source id	Meineke 243.3
OCR	gemini-constrained (gemini-3-flash-preview) on 2025-12-22
Word count	245

Cited Authors

Author	Work / Citation
Φίλων (Philon)	FGrHist 790 F 35; FGrHist 790 F 53
Δέξιππος (Dexippus)	Χρονικῶν
Ἀλέξανδρος (Alexander)	Εὐρώπῃ · SH 25
Εὐφορίων (Euphorion)	—
Ἐρατοσθένης (Eratosthenes)	Γεωγραφουμένων · fr. III B, 109, p. 355 Berger
Βάλακρος (Balakros)	Μακεδονικοῖς · FGrHist 773 F 2
Παυσανίας (Pausanias)	(6,10,8)

Mentioned Entities

Entity	Details
Δυρράχιον	Dyrrhachium (Durrës) · place · corrected · Q45936
Ἰλλυρική	Illyricum / Illyria · place
Ἐπίδαμνος	Epidamnus · place · corrected · Q3567546
Μέλισσα	Melissa · person
Ποσειδῶν	Poseidon · deity · corrected · Q41127
Μελισσώνιος	Melissonios (place) · place
Λίσσος	Lissos · place · corrected · Q266558
Ἀκρόλισσος	Akrolissos · place
Κέρκυραιοι	Corcyreans (Corfu inhabitants) · people
Μακεδόνες	Macedonians · people
Εὐρώπη	Europe · place
Ταυλάντιοι	Taulantii · people · corrected · Q1271795
Ἀνακτόριον	Anaktorion · place
Βυζάντιον	Byzantium · place · corrected · Q23725
Βυζάντιος	Byzantios (eponym) · other
Θούριον	Thurium / Thourion · place · corrected · Q6924107
Θούριος	Thourios (eponym) · other
Κούριον	Kourion · place · corrected · Q1785592
Κούριος	Kourios (eponym) · other
Δρίλων	Drilon (river) · place · corrected · Q213975
Ἄωος	Aous (river) · place · corrected · Q81503
Κάδμος	Cadmus · person · corrected · Q27613
Ἁρμονία	Harmonia · person
Ἀπολλωνιάται	Apolloniates (inhabitants of Apollonia) · people
Ἐρέννιος	Erennios · person
Ἀσκληπιάδης	Asclepiades · person
Τίτος Αὐφίδιος	Titus Aufidius · person · corrected · Q11951960
Φιλωνίδης	Philonides · person
Νίκων	Nikon · person
Ἀκράγας	Akragas (Agrigentum) · place
Δυρραχηνοί	Dyrracheans (inhabitants of Dyrrhachium) · people
Δυρράχιος	Dyrrhachios (eponym) · person
Δυρράχιον	Dyssrachium (variant spelling of Dyrrhachion) · place · corrected · Q45936
Dyrrhachion / Epidamnos (city in Illyria)	place · city · Illyria · explicit · unresolved
Dyrrhachion (peninsula)	place · peninsula · Illyria / Adriatic coast · explicit · unresolved
Melissonion in Epidamnos	place · place · Epidamnos / Illyria · explicit · unresolved
Lissos (city in Illyria)	place · city · Illyria · explicit · wikidata: Q266558 · candidate
Akrolissos	place · city/fortress · Illyria · explicit · wikidata: Q19983424 · candidate
Rhizonian gulf	place · gulf · Illyria / Adriatic coast · explicit · unresolved
Dysrachion (variant name)	place · city · Illyria · explicit · unresolved
Dysrachia (region of Illyria)	place · district/region · Illyria · explicit · unresolved
Apolloniatai	place · people/ethnic group · Illyria · explicit · unresolved

Etymologies

Category	Explanation
Unclear Metalinguistic	Epidamnos is called (named) from Epida(m)nos.
Folk Etymology Narrative	From his daughter Melissa — of whom there is the Melissonios place in Epidamnos — where Poseidon came to her.
Place Transfer	Epidamnos, a foundation/colony of the Corcyrans (Corfu).
Place Transfer	The city now called Dyrrachion is called by the same name as the peninsula (i.e. the city takes its name from the peninsula).
Place Transfer	The former Epidamnos was later renamed Dyrrachion (i.e. the name changed in later times).
Morphological Composition	Dyrrachios is the masculine form of this name, as Anaktorios is of Anaktorion, Byzantios of Byzantion, etc. (a morphological/grammatical formation).
Eponym Person	The name of the city Dyrrachion (comes) from the founder (oikistos).
Morphological Composition	Now they are called Dyrrachēnoi (ethnonym derived from the place-name).

Links

Place links	Epidamnos \| 📍 Map \| Pleiades
Page scans	vol2_109.jpg, vol2_111.jpg, vol2_113.jpg, vol2_115.jpg
Review	Open review page

Translation Guidance

Kind	Rule	Guidance	Detection
Formula	X (AUTHOR NAME) + Y (NUMERAL) formula:a0ca4574d7d0ffdb	Translate as "X, book Y" Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (AUTHOR NAME) + ἐν + Y (dative BOOK NAME) formula:c795eaabedf9a542	*Translate as "Χ, in his Y"* Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (genitive ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN) formula:439629f16cfaba3f	Translate as "Y is from 'X'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (nominative AUTHOR NAME)... + ὡς αὐτός formula:4caae33810f40dfa	Translate as "X... as per X." Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (nominative DERIVED NOUN) + Y (nominative ETYMON) formula:4e7b910409d678a8	Translate as "'X' is from Y" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (nominative PROPER NOUN)... + ἀπό + Y (genitive ARTICLE + genitive ETYMON) formula:8856d9e4780f3c74	Translate as "X... from the form 'Y'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (nominative PROPER NOUN) ... + ἀπό + Y (genitive ETYMON) formula:7c2ffc889ab09d8d	Translate as "X... after Y" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (nominative) + ὡς + Y (nominative HOMOMORPH) formula:1bb0974b95264dde	Translate as "'X' as in 'Y'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (SETTLEMENT) + Y (genitive PEOPLE) formula:0a6d211492d74a05	Translate as "a X of the Y" Domain: SPATIAL & PREDICATE STATEMENTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 2 occurrences
Formula	ὁ πολίτης + X (nominative GENTILIC) formula:9b2896a329a36c7e	Translate as "a citizen is an 'X'" Domain: SPATIAL & PREDICATE STATEMENTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	τὸ ἐθνικὸν + X (nominative ETHNONYM) formula:cfc8a7c494690fc3	Translate as "the ethnonym is 'X'" Domain: SPATIAL & PREDICATE STATEMENTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 5 occurrences
Formula	Χ (AUTHOR NAME) + ἐν + Y (dative NUMBER) + Z (genitive BOOK NAME) formula:c22408ee90fd1a1e	*Translate as "X, in book Y of his Z"* Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	ὡς + X (AUTHOR NAME) formula:d915b1886270056c	Translate as "as per X" Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	ὡς + X (nominative ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN) formula:7163e35f4bd326d9	Translate as "(just) as 'Y' is from X" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Gloss	ἄκρον τό gloss:e28240a1e2cb325b	cape (when on the coast, sgl.), headlands (when on the coast, plu.); peak (when inland) Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Gloss	ἀκρωτήριον τό gloss:a5a6a6388e65ee23	cape Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἀκτή ἡ gloss:debf8cab78f25544	headland, point Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	γένος τό gloss:c746b76469e4485d	descent Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	δῆμος ὁ gloss:e4ad995bede3b3b3	deme Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἐθνικόν τό gloss:9c5337ad6342cf4a	ethnonym Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 2 occurrences
Gloss	ἐπίνειον τό gloss:46afdab8fb7d9415	harbour Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἑρμηνεύεται gloss:53a0185fe8830489	interpreted Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 4 occurrences
Gloss	ἱστορικός ὁ gloss:f02a916b8e56ad5f	scholar (note Steph. doesn't use σχολαστικός) Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	καλεῖται/ἐκαλεῖτο/κέκληται/ἐκλήθη (ἀπο...) gloss:ef7a95cd709173ed	is/used to be/is/was called/named after (+ ἀπο) Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	κτίσμα τό gloss:fb49af0b4b56155e	foundation Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	κύριον τό gloss:80561c77c14cdb57	personal name (AI), literal meaning, proper name (as in τ' ὄνομα κύριον) Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	οἰκιστῆς ὁ gloss:aaca0d0b7e1045f9	founder Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ὁμωνύμως/ὁμώνυμος -ον gloss:0fbae2a88778c0fa	homonymous, having the same name Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	προπαροξύνω gloss:73cd528e5d0d8546	accent with acute on the antepenult Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	σχοῖνος ὁ gloss:a80b69f3b4f1487e	schoinos, chain, rope (apparently a distance of a few kms, cf. papyri) Domain: MEASUREMENT & SPACE Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	τόνος ὁ gloss:06fca58898cc9623	stress (oxytone if + ὀξύς; barytone if + βαρύς) Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	τοπικά τά gloss:dc551500540a4364	locative term Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	φυλή ἡ gloss:d443eaa1b875776d	tribe Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	χερσόνησος (χερρόνησος) ἡ gloss:06a2cd955f7fdcc9	peninsula Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	χρῆσις ἡ gloss:17be259c20c17d03	common usage Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	χώρα ἡ gloss:54f628c16aa263ce	region; territory (when belonging to a specific people, tribe, or nation); surrounding territory (when juxtaposed against a πόλις); land (remote or poetical places) Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 3 scan rows · 4 occurrences
Gloss	χωρίον τό gloss:619c2907ea980b25	locality; point (only in μέσα χωρία: ‘halfway point’) Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence

Herodian overlaps

Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.

No significant Herodian overlaps were found for this headword in the latest run.