Stephanos's Citations of Pausanias the Periegete

Summary Statistics

Total citations found: 44

Unique chapters cited: 31 out of 357 (8.7%)

Books with citations: 9 out of 10

Statistical Test: Is the distribution uniform?

If Stephanos had access to all of Pausanias and cited randomly based on content, we would expect citations proportional to the length of each book.

Chi-square statistic: 19.92

P-value: 0.0184

Interpretation: The distribution is significantly different from uniform (p < 0.05). This suggests some clustering of citations, though with a small sample size we should be cautious about strong conclusions.

Interactive Visualization

Citations by Book

Book Name Citations Sections in Pausanias Expected Citations Difference
1 Attica 2 311 4.3 -2.3
2 Corinth 3 311 4.3 -1.3
3 Laconia 3 273 3.8 -0.8
4 Messenia 2 323 4.5 -2.5
5 Elis I 0 262 3.6 -3.6
6 Elis II 3 267 3.7 -0.7
7 Achaia 4 286 4.0 +0.0
8 Arcadia 15 450 6.2 +8.8
9 Boeotia 6 323 4.5 +1.5
10 Phocis 6 364 5.1 +0.9

Individual Citations

Citation Stephanos Entry Link to Pausanias
1.1.2 Φάληρον 1.1
1.44.5 Ἐρινιάτης 1.44
2.28.2 Κορυφαῖον 2.28
2.28.3 Ὑρνήθιον 2.28
2.36.2 Μάσης 2.36
3.2.2 Κύνουρα 3.2
3.2.6 Φᾶρις 3.2
3.26.8 Ἐνόπη 3.26
4.31.1 Θούριοι 4.31
4.31.3 Καλάμαι 4.31
6.5.4 Ἄβδηρα 6.5
6.10.8 Δυρράχιον 6.10
6.10.8 Δυρράχιον 6.10
7.11.4 Ὠρωπός 7.11
7.11.4 Ὠρεός 7.11
7.11.4 Χαλδία 7.11
7.17.6 Δύμη 7.17
8.3.4 Χαρισίαι 8.3
8.3.4 Λυκόα 8.3
8.3.5 Οἰνωτρία 8.3
8.24.3 Ψωφίς 8.24
8.25.1 Καοῦς 8.25
8.25.4 Ὄγκειον 8.25
8.26.8 Μελαιναί 8.26
8.27.3 Ζοίτειον 8.27
8.27.4 Καλλίαι 8.27
8.29.5 Βάσιλις 8.29
8.29.5 Θώκνεια 8.29
8.34.5 Γαθεαί 8.34
8.35.3 Φαλαισίαι 8.35
8.35.9 Φάλανθος 8.35
8.36.9 Δασέαι 8.36
9.8.6 Ὁμόλη 9.8
9.24.3 Ὄλμωνες 9.24
9.24.4 Κύρτωνες 9.24
9.25.6 Καβειρία 9.25
9.26.5 Ὀγχηστός 9.26
9.30.8 Δῖον 9.30
10.1.2 Κῦνος 10.1
10.4.7 Δαυλίς 10.4
10.8.3 Νικόπολις 10.8
10.10.6 Μεσσαπία 10.10
10.17.5 Ἐρύθεια 10.17
10.38.8 Μυονία 10.38

Methodology Notes

What we're testing: Whether Stephanos's citations are distributed across Pausanias in proportion to the length of each book (measured by number of sections).

Null hypothesis: Citations are uniformly distributed (Stephanos had access to all books).

Alternative: Citations are clustered in certain books (Stephanos may have had only partial access).

Caveat: With only 44 citations, the sample size is small. Additionally, Stephanos may have preferentially cited certain books for thematic reasons (e.g., focusing on geographical topics), which would skew the distribution even if he had complete access.