Stephanos of Byzantium - Ethnika
Kos: a city and an island. Homer too: ‘and the city of Kos, of Eurypylos’. It was called Meropis after the earth-born Merops. Kos, then, after Ko, Merops’ daughter. It was also called Karis. It is also said as Koos with two ωω, and Koos, after which comes the locative in Homer: ‘and afterwards you conveyed her to dwell in Koond’. It is also said as Koos with two οο. The original, then, seems to be Kos; for so too is the founder. Of Keos the ethnonym is ‘Keios’, and with lengthening ‘Keios’, as of Teos ‘Teios’ and ‘Teios’, and ‘Keios’ with a diphthong. Of monosyllabic Ko, ‘Koios’ and ‘Koios’, as in ‘Minoios’. So were named the physicians Hippokrates and Erasistratos. Hippokrates was of those called the Nebrids; for Nebros became the most famous of the Asklepiads, to whom the Pythia also bore witness: his son was Gnosidikos; and of Gnosidikos, Hippokrates and Aineios and Podaleirios; of Hippokrates, Herakleides; whose son was Hippokrates the most distinguished, who also left behind marvellous treatises. There is also in Egypt a city Kos.
Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.
Κῶς, πόλις καὶ νῆσος. καὶ Ὅμηρος “καὶ Κῶν Εὐρυπύλοιο [πόλιν]”. ἣ Μεροπίς ἐκαλεῖτο ἀπὸ γηγενοῦς Μέροπος. Κῶς δὲ ἀπὸ Κῶ τῆς Μέροπος θυγατρός. ἐκαλεῖτο δὲ καὶ Καρίς· λέγεται καὶ Κώως διὰ δύο « ω », καὶ Κόως ἀφ´ οὗ τὸ παρ´ Ὁμήρῳ τοπικόν “καί μιν ἔπειτα Κόωνδ´ εὐναιομένην ἀπένεικας”. λέγεται καὶ Κόος διὰ δύο « οο ». ἔοικεν οὖν τὸ πρωτότυπον Κῶς οὕτως γὰρ καὶ ὁ κτιστής. τῆς Κέω τὸ ἐθνικὸν Κέιος, καὶ ἐκτάσει Κήιος, ὡς τῆς Τέω Τέιος καὶ Τήιος, καὶ Κεῖος διὰ διφθόγγου. τῆς δὲ Κῶ μονοσυλλάβου Κῷος καὶ …
… τοῦ σῶος ἢ ἐκ τοῦ σάος. Κρῶς ὄνομα ἥρωος ὁμοφωνοῦν τῇ πόλει, ἔστι δὲ Αἰγύπτου. Ἑκαταῖος περιηγήσει Ἀσίας. Γλῶς ὄνομα ἥρωος, Κῶς πόλις καὶ νῆσος. καὶ Ὅμηρος «καὶ Κῶν Εὐρυπύλοιο πόλιν» (Β 677). λέγεται καὶ Κώως διὰ δύο 'ωω' καὶ Κόως, ἀφ´ οὗ τὸ παρ´ Ὁμήρῳ τοπικὸν «καί μιν ἔπειτα Κόωνδ´ εὐναιομένην ἀπένεικας» (Il. Ξ 255). λέγεται καὶ Κόος διὰ δύο 'οο'. ἔοικεν οὖν τὸ πρωτότυπον Κῶς. οὕτως γὰρ καὶ ὁ κτίστης. ἔστι καὶ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ πόλις Κῶς. ἔστι δὲ καὶ κῶς τὸ ὄρυγμα τὸ ἐν
…ὁ διασημότατος τῶν Ἀσκληπιαδῶν, ᾧ καὶ ἡ Πυθία ἐμαρτύρησεν· οὗ Γνωσίδικος, Γνωσιδίκου δὲ Ἱπποκράτης καὶ Αἴνειος καὶ Ποδαλείριος, Ἱπποκράτους Ἡρακλείδης, οὗ Ἱπποκράτης ὁ ἐπιφανέστατος, ὁ καὶ θαυμασίας συντάξεις καταλελοιπώς. ἔστι καὶ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ πόλις Κῶς.
…λών καὶ καμηλών ὡς περιεκτικὰ ὀξύνεται· τὸ Βαβυλών ἀρσενικῶς, ἀφ´ οὗ καὶ ἡ πόλις. ἔστι γὰρ κτίσμα Βαβυλῶνος παιδὸς Βήλου παλαίτατον, οὐχ ὡς Ἡρόδοτος ὑπὸ Σεμιράμιδος· ταύτης γὰρ ἦν ἀρχαιοτέρα ἔτεσι χιλίοις δύο, ὡς Ἑρέννιος. ἔστι καὶ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ πόλις. ὁμοίως καὶ τὸ μιμαλλών θηλυκόν, ἤτοι μαινάς. οὕτω Καλλίμαχος. Τὰ εἰς 'μων' μὴ ὄντα τοπικὰ ἢ ὁπότε μὴ ἐπὶ καιροῦ λαμβάνοιτο ἢ ἔχοι πρὸ τέλους τὸ 'υ' ἐκτεταμένον, βαρύνεται, Ἕρμων, Ἄλμων ἢ Σάλμων, πόλις Βοιωτίας, ἣν Ἑλλά…