Καρία - Stephanos Ethnika

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Καρία OCR ✓ Trans ✓ Confirmed ✓

region

Entry #82
Greek source: meineke
Meineke: 358.21 | Billerbeck: Κ82
OCR: gemini-3-flash (gemini-3-flash-preview) on 2025-12-18
Word count: 199
Sources: Ἀπολλώνιος (Apollonius) GG II 3,23,41-43; 2,777,13 [Περὶ παθῶν; Περὶ γενῶν], Ἡρωδιανός (Herodian (Herodianus)) 2,410,22; 1,250,14 [Ὀρθογραφία; Καθόλου], Ἑλλάνικος (Hellanicus) FGrHist 4 F 200 = fr. 200 Fowler, Ἡρόδοτος (Herodotus) 1,171,3
Entities: Καρία (Caria) [place], Κάρ (Kar (ethnic)) [people], Καῖρα (Kaira) [place], Ζεύς (Zeus) [deity], Μυλασεῖς (Mylaseans (inhabitants of Mylasa)) [people], Μέγαρα (Megara) [place], Φορωνεύς (Phoroneus) [person], Κάριος (Carios) [person], Καρίνη (Karine) [place], Καριάτης (Kariates) [people], Καριάτις (Kariatis) [people], Καρὶς (Karis) [place], Κῶς (Kos) [place], Φρυγία (Phrygia) [place], Καρίδες (Karides (inhabitants)) [people], Καριδεύς (Karideus (ethnic)) [people], Ἀρκαδεύς (Arcadian (ethnic)) [people], Κάρος (Caros) [person]
Etymologies: Eponym Person: The ethnicon 'Kar' — eponymous with the founder (named after the oikistēs).; Morphological Composition: The feminine form, by artifice, 'Kaîra', and in dissolution 'Kaïra' (formation of the feminine form).; Unclear Metalinguistic: The usage has the diphthong ει... Apollonius says it (is written) with a long i... The lengthening (extension) is necessary because of the neighboring sound: words that end in short alpha, when secondarily formed, lengthen the adjacent vowel by nature or position (phonological/orthographic explanation of the name's form).; Eponym Person: It is also said 'Karios'; for thus Zeus is honoured among the Mylaseans (i.e. the name is connected with the cult-title of Zeus).; Eponym Person: The acropolis of Megara was also called 'Karia' from Karos son of Foroneus, and the inhabitant (demonym) 'Karios' (named after the person Karos).; Eponym Person: Karis (the name) from the general name 'Karos' (i.e. derived from Karos).; Unclear Metalinguistic: Kos was called 'Karis', according to Hellanicus (equation of place-name — alternative name attestation).; Place Transfer: There is also a city of Phrygia called 'Karis' and 'Karides' (mention of place-names formed from the root).; Morphological Composition: The ethnicon 'Karideus' like 'Arkadeus'; and the one from the craft/art 'Karites' (explanation of ethnicon formation from root/technical term).; Morphological Composition: The possessive adjective of the Karoi is 'Karikos' (morphological formation of the possessive/adjectival form).; Morphological Composition: There is also 'Karine', also 'Kariates', also 'Kariatis' (listing derivative forms/ethnics from the root).
Place: Caria | 📍 Map
Source: e9783110219630_i0260.jpg
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Καρία, ἡ χώρα. τὸ ἐθνικὸν Κάρ, ὁμωνύμως τῷ οἰκιστῇ. τὸ θηλυκὸν κατὰ τέχνην [Καῖρα, καὶ ἐν διαλύσει] Κάιρα. ἡ χρῆσις δὲ τὴν « ει » δίφθογγον ἔχει. Ἀπολλώνιος δὲ διὰ τοῦ « ι » φησὶ μακροῦ, ὡς ἐν τῷ εʹ περὶ παθῶν καὶ ἐν τῷ περὶ γενῶν. ἡ δὲ ἔκτασις ἀναγκαία διὰ τὴν παραλήγουσαν. τὰ γὰρ εἰς « α » βραχὺ λήγοντα παρασχηματιζόμενα ἐκτείνει τὴν παραλήγουσαν φύσει ἢ θέσει. Ἡρωδιανὸς δὲ ἐν μὲν τῇ ὀρθογραφίᾳ ἀμφιβολεῖ, ἐν δὲ τῇ καθόλου χρήσει ἑπόμενος διὰ διφθόγγου φησίν, ὑπομνηματίζων δὲ τὸ περὶ γενῶν Ἀπολλωνίου διὰ τοῦ « ι » μακροῦ. “ἔστι γὰρ ὅτε μετὰ τὴν διαίρεσιν ἔκτασις γίγνεται, ὀίομαι ὄιγον ὄιδα παρ´ Αἰολεῦσιν, ἀντὶ τοῦ οἶδα. ἡ χρῆσις δὲ διὰ διφθόγγου κατὰ συνεκδρομὴν τοῦ σώτειρα ὀλέτειρα”. λέγεται καὶ Κάριος· οὕτως γὰρ ὁ Ζεὺς παρὰ Μυλασεῦσι τιμᾶται. τὸ θηλυκὸν Καρία. ἐκαλεῖτο δὲ καὶ ἡ Μεγάρων ἀκρόπολις Καρία ἀπὸ Καρὸς τοῦ Φορωνέως, καὶ ὁ οἰκήτωρ Κάριος. ἔστι καὶ Καρίνη. ἔστι καὶ Καριάτης. ἔστι καὶ Καριᾶτις, καὶ Καρίς ἀπὸ τῆς Καρός γενικῆς. Καρίς δὲ ἐλέγετο ἡ Κῶς, ὡς Ἑλλάνικος. ἔστι καὶ Φρυγίας πόλις Καρίς καὶ Καρίδες, τὸ ἐθνικὸν Καριδεύς ὡς Ἀρκαδεύς, τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς τέχνης Καρίτης. τῶν Καρῶν τὸ κτητικὸν Καρικός. Ἡρόδοτος ἐν πρώτῃ “τὸ Καρικὸν ἔθνος δοκιμώτατον”.

Karia, the country. The ethnonym is 'Kar', homonymous with the founder. According to the technical rule the feminine is ['Kaira', also with hiatus] 'Kaïra'. The convention, however, has the diphthong ει, and Apollonios says that it is with long ι, as in book 5 of 'On Modifications of Forms' and in 'On Genders'. The lengthening is necessary because of the penult, for words ending in short α when modified in form lengthen their penult either by nature or by position. While Herodian says that this is doubtful in his Orthography (and in his General Prosody he says that it uses the diphthong following the convention), he comments on Apollonius’ On Genders that it is with long ι: “for there is occasion when lengthening occurs after diaresis: 'oïomai', 'oïgon', 'oïda' among the Aeolians rather than 'oida'. The convention, however, is with the diphthong, according to the analogy of 'soteira', 'oleteira'.” 'Karios' is also said, for Zeus is honoured in this way among the Mylasans. The feminine is 'Karia'. The acropolis of Megara was also called Karia, from Kar, son of Phoroneus, and the inhabitant a 'Karios'. There is also 'Karine'. There is also 'Kariates' and there is also 'Kariatis' as well as 'Karis' from the genitive of Kar. Kos also used to be called 'Karis', as per Hellanikos. There is also a city in Phrygia: 'Karis' and 'Karides'. The ethnonym is 'Karideus' (as in 'Arkideus'), 'Karites' from the technical rule. The possessive for the Carians is 'Karikos'. Herodotus in book 1: "The Karikos people are most esteemed."

Herodian overlaps

Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.

Herodian 1.250

char LCS 139 (15.1%) · word LCS 30 (15.5%)

Stephanos

Καρία, ἡ χώρα. τὸ ἐθνικὸν Κάρ, ὁμωνύμως τῷ οἰκιστῇ. τὸ θηλυκὸν κατὰ τέχνην [Καῖρα, καὶ ἐν διαλύσει] Κάιρα. ἡ χρῆσις δὲ τὴν « ει » δίφθογγον ἔχει. Ἀπολλώνιος δὲ διὰ τοῦ « ι » φησὶ μακροῦ, ὡς ἐν τῷ εʹ περὶ παθῶν καὶ ἐν τῷ περὶ γενῶν. ἡ δὲ ἔκτασις ἀναγκαία διὰ τὴν παραλήγουσαν. τὰ γὰρ εἰς « α » βραχὺ λήγοντα παρασχηματιζόμενα ἐκτείνει τὴν παραλήγουσαν φύσει ἢ θέσει. Ἡρωδιανὸς δὲ ἐν μὲν τῇ ὀρθογραφίᾳ ἀμφιβολεῖ, ἐν δὲ τῇ καθόλου χρήσει ἑπόμενος διὰ διφθόγγου φησίν, ὑπομνηματίζων δὲ τὸ περὶ γενῶν Ἀπολλωνίου διὰ τοῦ « ι » μακροῦ. “ἔστι γὰρ ὅτε μετὰ τὴν διαίρεσιν ἔκτασις γίγνεται, ὀίομ…

Herodian

…ῦ Σελεύκου. μάκαρ μάκαιρα, πρέσβειρα, δότειρα, ὀλέτειρα, γενέτειρα, εὐπάτειρα, ἀντιάνειρα, κυδιάνειρα, κτεάνειρα, οὕτως καὶ Κάρ Κάειρα. καὶ ἔδει μὲν διὰ τοῦ 'ι' μακροῦ γράφεσθαι· Καῖρα καὶ ἐν διαλύσει Κάϊρα, ὡς Ἀπολλώνιος ἐν τῷ εʹ περὶ παθῶν καὶ ἐν τῷ περὶ γενῶν. ἡ δὲ ἔκτασις ἀναγκαία διὰ τὴν παραλήγουσαν. τὰ γὰρ εἰς 'α' βραχὺ λήγοντα παρασχηματιζόμενα ἐκτείνει τὴν παραλήγουσαν φύσει ἢ θέσει. καὶ ἔστιν ὅτε μετὰ τὴν διαίρεσιν ἔκτασις γίνεται, ὀΐομαι, ὄϊγον, ὄϊδα παρ´ Αἰολεῦσιν ἀπὸ τοῦ οἶδα. ἡ χρῆσις δὲ τὴν 'ει' δίφθογγον ἔχει πρὸς τὸν χαρακτῆρα τῶν διὰ τοῦ 'ειρα'. τούτοις δὲ ἠκολούθησε καὶ τὸ πέπειρος πέπειρ…

Herodian 1.98

char LCS 59 (6.4%) · word LCS 14 (7.2%)

Stephanos

…γεται καὶ Κάριος· οὕτως γὰρ ὁ Ζεὺς παρὰ Μυλασεῦσι τιμᾶται. τὸ θηλυκὸν Καρία. ἐκαλεῖτο δὲ καὶ ἡ Μεγάρων ἀκρόπολις Καρία ἀπὸ Καρὸς τοῦ Φορωνέως, καὶ ὁ οἰκήτωρ Κάριος. ἔστι καὶ Καρίνη. ἔστι καὶ Καριάτης. ἔστι καὶ Καριᾶτις, καὶ Καρίς ἀπὸ τῆς Καρός γενικῆς. Καρίς δὲ ἐλέγετο ἡ Κῶς, ὡς Ἑλλάνικος. ἔστι καὶ Φρυγίας πόλις Καρίς καὶ Καρίδες, τὸ ἐθνικὸν Καριδεύς ὡς Ἀρκαδεύς, τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς τέχνης Καρίτης. τῶν Καρῶν τὸ κτητικὸν Καρικός. Ἡρόδοτος ἐν πρώτῃ “τὸ Καρικὸν ἔθνος δοκιμώτατον”.

Herodian

…ι εἴασε. κεῖται δὲ πρὸς δυσμῶν τῆς Πίνδου. Δῶρος δὲ αὐτὴν ὁ Ἕλληνος εἰλήχει τὰ πρῶτα καὶ Δωρὶς ἀπ´ ἐκείνου ἐκαλεῖτο πρότερον, ὕστερον δὲ Ἱστιαιῶτις μετωνομάσθη». Νευρίς χώρα Σαρματίας. πατρίς, χειρίς, καρίς παρὰ τὸ κάρη καὶ Καρίς ἀπὸ τῆς Καρός γενικῆς. Καρίς δὲ ἐλέγετο ἡ Κῶς, ὡς Ἑλλάνικος. ἔστι δὲ καὶ Φρυγίας πόλις Καρίς καὶ Καρίδες. * Τὰ εἰς 'ρις' δισύλλαβα ἑνὶ φωνήεντι ἢ διφθόγγῳ παραληγόμενα

Herodian 1.73

char LCS 23 (2.5%) · word LCS 5 (2.9%)

Stephanos

…ς τῷ οἰκιστῇ. τὸ θηλυκὸν κατὰ τέχνην [Καῖρα, καὶ ἐν διαλύσει] Κάιρα. ἡ χρῆσις δὲ τὴν « ει » δίφθογγον ἔχει. Ἀπολλώνιος δὲ διὰ τοῦ « ι » φησὶ μακροῦ, ὡς ἐν τῷ εʹ περὶ παθῶν καὶ ἐν τῷ περὶ γενῶν. ἡ δὲ ἔκτασις ἀναγκαία διὰ τὴν παραλήγουσαν. τὰ γὰρ εἰς « α » βραχὺ λήγοντα παρασχηματιζόμενα ἐκτείνει τὴν παραλήγουσαν φύσει ἢ θέσει. Ἡρωδιανὸς δὲ ἐν μὲν τῇ ὀρθογραφίᾳ ἀμφιβολεῖ, ἐν δὲ τῇ καθόλου χρήσει ἑπόμενος διὰ διφθόγγου φησίν, ὑπομνηματίζων δὲ τὸ περὶ γενῶν Ἀπολλωνίου…

Herodian

…ής· τὸ μέντοι ἀθλητής, μαθητής, ποιητής, μαχητής, ἐγγυητής, φοιτητής, τρυγητής, ἀκονητής, αὐλητής, πειρατής, θεατής, τορευτής, βραβευτής, χρυσωτής, σταυρωτής, βεβαιωτής, ζηλωτής, διορθωτής ὀξύνεται, ὅτι οὐ βραχεῖαν ἔχει τὴν παραλήγουσαν. Τὰ γὰρ εἰς 'της' ῥηματικὰ ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς φύσει μακρᾷ παραληγόμενα ὀξύνεσθαι θέλει. οὐκ ἄρα ὑγιῶς Τυραννίων παροξύνει τὸ ἑεδνωτής σχηματισθὲν παρὰ τὸ »ἑεδνώσαιτο θύγατρα« (Od. β 53). μάχεται δὲ τὸ κυβερνήτης. τὸ γὰρ ἀήτης οὐ παρ…