Καρία

Karia: the country. The ethnonym is 'Kar', homonymous with the founder. According to the grammatical rule the feminine is 'Kaïra'. The common usage, however, is with the diphthong ει. Apollonios says that it is with long ι, as per book 5 of his On Modifications of Forms and in his On Genders. The lengthening is necessary because of the penult, for words ending in short α when modified in form lengthen their penult either by nature or by position. While Herodian says that this is doubtful in his Orthography, he does say when commenting on Apollonios’ On Genders that it is with long ι: 'for there is occasion when lengthening occurs after diaresis: 'oïomai', 'oïgon', 'oïda' among the Aiolians rather than 'oida'. The common usage, however, is with the diphthong, according to the analogy of 'soteira', 'oleteira'.'

'Karios' is also said, for Zeus is honoured in this way among the Mylasians. The feminine is 'Karia'. The acropolis of Megara also used to be called Karia, after Kar, son of Phoroneus, and an inhabitant is a 'Karios'. There is also 'Karine'. There is also 'Kariates'. There is also 'Kariatis' as well as 'Karis', from the genitive of Kar. Kos also used to be called 'Karis', as per Hellanikos. There is also a city in Phrygia: 'Karis' and 'Karides'. The ethnonym is 'Karideus'; the form according to the grammatical rule is 'Karites'. The possessive for the Karians is 'Karikos'. Herodotos in book 1: 'The Karikos people are most esteemed.'