Stephanos of Byzantium - Ethnika
Hypanis: a river and city between the Black Sea and Lake Maiotis. Alexandros the polymath says that the Hypanis divides in two, one branch emptying into Lake Maiotis and the other into the Black Sea. Herodotos, in book 4, says that a certain bitter spring flows into it and renders the river undrinkable. The ethnonym is 'Hypanites', as in 'Tanaïtes'.
AI translation — gpt-5.6-sol; Gabe v3
Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.
Ὕπανις, ποταμὸς καὶ πόλις μεταξὺ τοῦ Πόντου καὶ τῆς Μαιώτιδος λίμνης. Ἀλέξανδρος δ´ ὁ πολυίστωρ φησὶν ὅτι ὁ Ὕπανις διχῇ σχιζόμενος τὸ μὲν ἓν μέρος εἰς τὴν Μαιῶτιν λίμνην βάλλει, τὸ δ´ ἕτερον εἰς τὸν Πόντον. Ἡρόδοτος δ´ ἐν τετάρτῳ καὶ κρήνην τινὰ πικρὰν εἰς αὐτὸν ἐγχεῖσθαι καὶ ἄποτον ποιεῖν τὸν ποταμόν. τὸ ἐθνικὸν Ὑπανίτης ὡς Ταναΐτης.
…ος καλεῖται ἀπὸ Θήβης πόλεως πνέων τῆς Ἠετίωνος τοῦ πατρὸς Ἀνδρομάχης. ὁμοίως καὶ Βούρχανις νῆσος ἐν τῇ Κελτικῇ, ὡς Στράβων προπαροξύνεται. τὸ δὲ Ὕπανις ποταμὸς καὶ πόλις τοῦ Πόντου καὶ Μαιώτιδος λίμνης ἐστὶν ἀρσενικόν. Ἀλέξανδρος δ´ ὁ πολυίστωρ φησὶν ὅτι ὁ Ὕπανις διχῇ σχιζόμενος τὸ μὲν ἓν μέρος εἰς τὴν Μαιῶτιν λίμνην βάλλει, τὸ δ´ ἕτερον εἰς τὸν Πόντον. Ἡρόδοτος δ´ ἐν τετάρτῳ (c. 77. 79) καὶ κρήνην τινὰ πικρὰν εἰς αὐτὸν ἐγχεῖσθαι καὶ ἄποτον ποιεῖν τὸν ποταμόν. Τὰ εἰς 'ενις' καὶ 'ονις' ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς ὀξύνεται, εὐμενίς, εὐγενίς, Λυκαονίς, Ἀμαζονίς, Ἁθμονίς, Αὐσονίς ἡ ὕστερον Ἰταλία, Ἀντιγονίς φυλὴ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἀπ´ Ἀντιγόνου, Ἰαονίς, Βιστονίς, ἐκτέταται δὲ καὶ λέγεται Βιστωνίς δ…