Stephanos of Byzantium - Ethnika
Tauros: Tauros, a mountain extending through the middle of Asia, because the ancients called all things great and violent 'bulls'. Or he likened its parts toward the sea to the forepart of a bull. The ethnonym 'Taurianos' with the addition of 'i', as 'Zygianos'.
External translation supplied by Brady Kiesling; reported Claude Fable 5.5 translation. Credit: Brady Kiesling and the Stephanos project (Greg Baker, Gabriel Jower, Greta Hawes, Brady Kiesling). Not individually verified; exact Greek input not supplied.
Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.
Ταῦρος, ὄρος διὰ μέσης Ἀσίας διῆκον, διότι ταύρους οἱ παλαιοὶ πάντα ὅσα μεγάλα καὶ βίαια ἐπωνόμαζον. ἢ προτομῇ ταύρου τὰ πρὸς τῇ θαλάσσῃ αὐτοῦ ἀπείκασε. τὸ ἐθνικὸν Ταυριανός πλεονασμῷ τοῦ « ι », ὡς Ζυγιανός.
…αληγόμενα ἐπὶ ἐμψύχων τιθέμενα βαρύνεται, φλαῦρος, σαῦρος, καῦρος ὁ κακός. ταῦρος καὶ Ταῦρος ἔθνος περὶ τὰ Ἄλπεια ὄρη, οἳ καὶ Ταυρίσκοι καὶ Ταυρῖνοι. ἔστι καὶ ὄρος διὰ μέσης Ἀσίας διῆκον, διότι ταύρους οἱ παλαιοὶ πάντα τὰ μεγάλα καὶ βίαια ἐπωνόμαζον. ἢ προτομῇ ταύρου τὰ πρὸς τῇ θαλάσσῃ ἀπείκασαν. Μαῦρος ἔθνος μέγα Λιβύης, ὃ καὶ Μαυρούσιοι. Ξαῦρος ὄνομα κύριον καὶ ἀπ´ αὐτοῦ Ξαῦρος πόλις Μακεδονίας. σημείωσαι τὸ σταυρός ἄψυχον. καὶ τὸ μαυρός ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀμαυρός γέγονεν. Τὰ εἰς 'ρος' δισύλλαβα τῇ 'ευ' παραληγό…