Stephanos of Byzantium - Ethnika
Oropos: a city in Macedonia, from which Seleukos Nikator hailed. There is also another in Boeotia, concerning which Euphorion says in his Kleitor:
‘Aulis and Oropos and the baths of Amphiaraos.’
It is named after Oropos the Macedonian, son of Lykaon. [There is also another in Euboea.] Aristotle, at any rate, says that Oropos is called Graia: ‘Graia is a locality of Oropia, situated by the sea opposite Eretria in Euboea.’ There is also a third in Syria, founded by Nikator, concerning which the polymath says as follows in his On Syria: ‘Xenophon, in his measurements of the mountains, says that a city called Oropos is situated near Amphipolis and that it was formerly called Telmessos by its founders. They say that it was subsequently enlarged by Seleukos Nikator and named Oropos after the Oropos in Greece.’ There is accordingly also a fourth city, in Argos, founded later, and a fifth in Thesprotia [that is, in Nikopolis]. The name is also used in the masculine. Thucydides, book 8: ‘Having therefore taken Oropos, they arrive at Rhodes.’ The ethnonym is ‘Oropeus’; for this is the form as per Aristotle himself in book 1 of his Catalogue of Ships: ‘Graia is a locality, a city of the Oropeis.’ Strabo, in book 9, says: ‘from Oropia towards the west’, as though ‘Oropia’ were from ‘Oropios’; for if it were from ‘Oropieus’, he would have said ‘Oropias’. Pausanias, in book 7, uses the city-name in the feminine: ‘they plunder Oropos, which was subject to them’, and the ethnonym thus: ‘the Oropioi appeal to the Roman senate.’ Thucydides too, in book 2: ‘Passing Oropos, the land called Graike, which is occupied by the Oropioi, subjects of the Athenians, they laid it waste.’ And Theopompos in book 6 of his Hellenika: ‘They confer, from among the Oropioi, with Telephos and those with him who wish Oropos also to belong to them.’
AI translation — gpt-5.6-sol; Gabe v3
Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.
…ἀπὸ Ὠρωποῦ τοῦ Μακεδόνος τοῦ Λυκάονος. [ἔστι καὶ ἄλλη Εὐβοίας.] Ἀριστοτέλης γοῦν τὸν Ὠρωπὸν Γραῖάν φησι λέγεσθαι “ἡ δὲ Γραῖα τόπος τῆς Ὠρωπίας πρὸς τῇ θαλάσσῃ κατ´ Ἐρέτριαν τῆς Εὐβοίας κειμένη”. ἔστι καὶ τρίτη ἐν Συρίᾳ, κτισθεῖσα ὑπὸ Νικάτορος, περὶ ἧς ὁ πολυΐστωρ ἐν τῷ περὶ Συρίας φησὶν οὕτως “Ξενοφῶν ἐν ταῖς ἀναμετρήσεσι τῶν ὀρῶν περὶ Ἀμφίπολιν κεῖσθαι πόλιν Ὠρωπόν, ἣν πρότερον Τελμησσὸν καλεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν κτισάντων. ταύτην δέ φασιν ὑπὸ Σελεύκου τοῦ Νικάτορος ἐπικτισθεῖσαν Ὠρωπὸν ὠνομάσθαι ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι Ὠρωποῦ”. ἔστιν οὖν καὶ τετάρτη πόλις ἐν Ἄργει ὕστερον κτισθεῖσα. …
Κασσωπός. οὕτως Ἡρόδωρός φησιν τοὺς Κασσωπίους, ἴσως κακῶς. Εὐρωπός ὁ Μακεδόνος καὶ Ὠρειθυίας τῆς Κέκροπος· καὶ ἀπ´ αὐτοῦ πόλις Μακεδονίας. ἔστι καὶ Συρίας ἄλλη κτισθεῖσα ὑπὸ Νικάτορος, περὶ ἧς ὁ πολυίστωρ ἐν τῷ περὶ Συρίας φησὶν οὕτως «Ξενοφῶν ἐν ταῖς ἀναμετρήσεσι τῶν ὀρῶν περὶ Ἀμφίπολιν κεῖσθαι πόλιν Εὐρωπόν, ἣν πρότερον Τελμισσὸν καλεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν κτισάντων. ταύτην δέ φασιν ὑπὸ Σελεύκου τοῦ Νικάτορος ἐπικτισθεῖσαν Ὠρωπὸν ὠνομάσθαι ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι Ὠρωποῦ». σημείωσαι τὸ Αἴσωπος. τὸ δὲ Κρότωπος καὶ Μελάνωπος κύρι…
…ῶν κτισάντων. ταύτην δέ φασιν ὑπὸ Σελεύκου τοῦ Νικάτορος ἐπικτισθεῖσαν Ὠρωπὸν ὠνομάσθαι ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι Ὠρωποῦ”. ἔστιν οὖν καὶ τετάρτη πόλις ἐν Ἄργει ὕστερον κτισθεῖσα. καὶ πέμπτη ἐν Θεσπρωτίᾳ [ἤγουν ἐν Νικοπόλει]. λέγεται καὶ ἀρσενικῶς. Θουκυδίδης ὀγδόῃ “ἔχοντες οὖν τὸν Ὠρωπὸν ἀφικνοῦνται εἰς τὴν Ῥόδον”. τὸ ἐθνικὸν Ὠρωπεύς· οὕτως γὰρ ὡς αὐτὸς ἐν νεῶν καταλόγου πρώτῃ “ἔστι δ´ ἡ Γραῖα τόπος, τῶν Ὠρωπέων πόλις”. Στράβων δ´ ἐν τῇ ἐνάτῃ φησίν “ἀπὸ τῆς Ὠρωπίας ἐπὶ τὴν δύσιν”, ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ Ὠρώπιος· εἰ γὰρ ἦν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ὠρωπιεύς, …
…κύρια ἢ προσηγορικὰ καὶ βαρύνεται καὶ ὀξύνεται. τὰ μὲν οὖν κύρια ἀπὸ φύσει μακρᾶς ἀρχόμενα ὀξύνεται, Ἰνωπός ὄνομα ποταμοῦ, Ἀσωπός πατὴρ Αἰγίνης, Ὠρωπός πόλις Βοιωτίας. ἔστι καὶ πόλις ἐν Ἄργει κτισθεῖσα καὶ ἐν Θεσπρωτίᾳ. λέγεται καὶ ἀρσενικῶς. Θουκυδίδης ὀγδόῃ (c. 60) «ἔχοντες οὖν τὸν Ὠρωπὸν ἀφικνοῦνται εἰς τὴν Ῥόδον». Παυσανίας δὲ ἐν τῷ ἑβδόμῳ (c. 11, 4) τὴν πόλιν θηλυκῶς φησι «διαρπάζουσι Ὠρωπὸν ὑπήκοόν σφισιν οὖσαν».
…κάονος. [ἔστι καὶ ἄλλη Εὐβοίας.] Ἀριστοτέλης γοῦν τὸν Ὠρωπὸν Γραῖάν φησι λέγεσθαι “ἡ δὲ Γραῖα τόπος τῆς Ὠρωπίας πρὸς τῇ θαλάσσῃ κατ´ Ἐρέτριαν τῆς Εὐβοίας κειμένη”. ἔστι καὶ τρίτη ἐν Συρίᾳ, κτισθεῖσα ὑπὸ Νικάτορος, περὶ ἧς ὁ πολυΐστωρ ἐν τῷ περὶ Συρίας φησὶν οὕτως “Ξενοφῶν ἐν ταῖς ἀναμετρήσεσι τῶν ὀρῶν περὶ Ἀμφίπολιν κεῖσθαι πόλιν Ὠρωπόν, ἣν πρότερον Τελμησσὸν καλεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν κτισάντων. ταύτην δέ φασιν ὑπὸ Σελεύκου τοῦ Νικάτορος ἐπικτισθεῖσαν Ὠρωπὸν ὠνομάσθαι…
…Κύλλος τὸ κύριον, οὗ μέμνηται καὶ Ἀριστοφάνης καὶ Κρατῖνος ἐν Μαλθακοῖς. τὸ δὲ κολλός ὀξύνεται ὡς ἐπιθετικόν. καὶ τὸ Μαλλός θηλυκὸν ὄνομα πόλεως Κιλικίας. Καλλίμαχος Αἰτίων πρώτῳ. καὶ τὸ Φελλός πόλις Παμφυλίας. Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Πολυίστωρ ἐν τῷ περὶ Λυκίας Φελλὸν καὶ Ἀντίφελλον Λυκίας εἶναί φησι. σεσημείωται τὸ Ἑλλός ἢ Σελλός «ἀμφὶ δὲ Σελλοὶ σοὶ ναίους´ ὑποφῆται» (Il. Π 234). Τὰ εἰς δύο 'λλ' προσηγορικά, εἰ μὴ παραλήγοιεν 'ι', καὶ πάντα τὰ τριγενῆ ὀξύνεται, μαλλός,…