Ἐρυθρά - Stephanos Ethnika

Ἐρυθρά OCR ✓ Trans ✓ Confirmed ✓

other

Ἐρυθρά, ἡ θάλασσα, ἀπὸ Ἐρύθρου τοῦ ἥρωος, Οὐράνιος δ´ ἐν Ἀραβικῶν δευτέρᾳ ἀπὸ τῶν παρακειμένων ὀρῶν “ἃ ἐρυθρὰ δεινῶς εἰσι καὶ πορφυρᾶ, καὶ ἐπὴν βάλλῃ εἰς αὐτὰ ὁ ἥλιος τὴν αὐγήν, καταπέμπει εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν σκιὰν ἐρυθράν· καὶ ὄμβρῳ δὲ κατακλυσθέντων τῶν ὀρέων κάτω συρρέοντι εἰς θάλασσαν, οὕτω γίγνεται ἡ θάλασσα τὴν χρόαν”. τὸ ἐθνικὸν Ἐρυθραῖος καὶ Ἐρυθραία καὶ Ἐρυθραῖον. καί ἐστιν ἄκρα Ἐρυθρά τῆς Λιβύης, ὡς Ἀρτεμίδωρος ἑβδόμῃ γεωγραφουμένων.

Erythra: the sea, from Erythros the hero; but Ouranios in the second of the Arabika from the adjacent mountains, "which are terribly red and purple, and when the sun casts its ray on them, it sends down a red shadow on the sea; and when the mountains are flooded by rain flowing down into the sea, thus the sea gets its colour". The ethnonym Erythraios and Erythraia and Erythraion. And there is a headland Erythra of Libya, as Artemidoros in the seventh of the Geographoumena.

External translation supplied by Brady Kiesling; reported Claude Fable 5.5 translation. Credit: Brady Kiesling and the Stephanos project (Greg Baker, Gabriel Jower, Greta Hawes, Brady Kiesling). Not individually verified; exact Greek input not supplied.

Text Details

Entry	#129
Greek text	meineke (current) · csv_fallback
Source id	Meineke 279.17
OCR	gemini-constrained (gemini-3-flash-preview) on 2026-01-08
Word count	70

Cited Authors

Author	Work / Citation
Οὐράνιος (Ouranios (author))	Ἀραβικῶν · FGrHist 675 F 5
Ἀραβικά ((Ἀραβικά) Arabica / 'On the Arabs' (work title))	Ἀραβικῶν · FGrHist 675 F 5
Ἀρτεμίδωρος (Artemidorus (author))	Γεωγραφουμένων · fr. 71 Stiehle

Mentioned Entities

Entity	Details
Ἐρυθρά	Erythra / the Red Sea · place · corrected · Q1363807
Ἐρύθρος	Erythros (the hero) · person
Ἐρυθραῖος	Erythraean (demonym, masc.) · people
Ἐρυθραία	Erythraean (demonym, fem.) · people
Ἐρυθραῖον	Erythraean (demonym, neut.) · people
Λιβύη	Libya · place · corrected · Q2370577
Ἐρυθρά	place · explicit · wikidata: Q1363807 · seeded_headword_alignment

Etymologies

Category	Explanation
Eponym Person	The sea (is named) from Erythros the hero.
Folk Etymology Narrative	From the neighboring mountains: 'which are very red and purple, and when the sun strikes them it sends a red shadow into the sea; and when rains flood the mountains and run down into the sea, thus the sea acquires its color.'

Links

Place links	Erythraean Sea \| 📍 Map \| Pleiades
Page scans	vol2_197.jpg
Review	Open review page

Translation Guidance

Kind	Rule	Guidance	Detection
Formula	X (genitive ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN) formula:439629f16cfaba3f	Translate as "Y is from 'X'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (nominative DERIVED NOUN) + Y (nominative ETYMON) formula:4e7b910409d678a8	Translate as "'X' is from Y" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (nominative PROPER NOUN)... + ἀπό + Y (genitive ARTICLE + genitive ETYMON) formula:8856d9e4780f3c74	Translate as "X... from the form 'Y'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (nominative PROPER NOUN) ... + ἀπό + Y (genitive ETYMON) formula:7c2ffc889ab09d8d	Translate as "X... after Y" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (nominative) + ὡς + Y (nominative HOMOMORPH) formula:1bb0974b95264dde	Translate as "'X' as in 'Y'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	τὸ ἐθνικὸν + X (nominative ETHNONYM) formula:cfc8a7c494690fc3	Translate as "the ethnonym is 'X'" Domain: SPATIAL & PREDICATE STATEMENTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	ὡς + X (AUTHOR NAME) formula:d915b1886270056c	Translate as "as per X" Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	ὡς + X (AUTHOR NAME) + Y (dative NUMBER) + Z (genitive BOOK NAME) formula:f22af8012162d222	*Translate as 'as per X, in book Y of his Z'* Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἄκρα ἡ gloss:4b3718d8a0a50cbb	promontory Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἄκρον τό gloss:e28240a1e2cb325b	cape (when on the coast, sgl.), headlands (when on the coast, plu.); peak (when inland) Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἀκτή ἡ gloss:debf8cab78f25544	headland, point Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἐθνικόν τό gloss:9c5337ad6342cf4a	ethnonym Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἑρμηνεύεται gloss:53a0185fe8830489	interpreted Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ὄρος ὁ gloss:184051ff413f789d	mountain, mount (X ὄρος = 'Mount X') Domain: TERRAIN/LANDMASSES	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 3 occurrences

Herodian overlaps

Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.

No significant Herodian overlaps were found for this headword in the latest run.