Stephanos of Byzantium - Ethnika
Caucasus: the mountain, which they also call Paropanisus, the greatest of the mountains in Asia. The ethnic adjective is Caucasius; and Caucasia for the country, from which comes Caucasianus, as Caspianus. Also in the neuter, Caucasium. It is also said with an iota, Caucasis, from which comes Caucasites, as Oasites from Oasis.
Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.
Καύκασος, τὸ ὄρος, ὃ καὶ Παροπάνισον καλοῦσι, τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν ὀρῶν μέγιστον. τὸ ἐθνικὸν Καυκάσιος καὶ Καυκασία θηλυκῶς ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας, ἀφ´ οὗ τὸ Καυκασιανός ὡς Κασπιανός. καὶ οὐδετέρως Καυκάσιον. λέγεται καὶ διὰ τοῦ « ι » Καύκασις, ἐξ οὗ τὸ Καυκασίτης, ὡς τὸ Ὀασίτης τῆς Ὀάσιος.
… Καρίας ἐν ὁμωνύμῳ νήσῳ κειμένη, ἡ καὶ ὀξυτόνως λεγομένη, Ἴασος δὲ καὶ τὸ Ἄργος ἀπὸ Ἰάσου τοῦ κατ´ ἐνίους πατρὸς Ἰοῦς. Ἴμβρασος ποταμὸς καὶ ἀπ´ αὐτοῦ ἡ Σάμος, Τράγασος, ἀφ´ οὗ Τραγασαί χωρίον ἐν ἠπείρῳ, Καύκασος τὸ ὄρος τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν ὀρῶν μέγιστον, λέγεται καὶ Καύκασις διὰ τοῦ 'ι', Βάργασος, ὁ υἱὸς Βάργης καὶ Ἡρακλέους, ἀφ´ οὗ Βάργασα πόλις Καρίας, Μύλασος υἱὸς Χρυσάορος τοῦ Γλαύκου τοῦ Σισύφου τοῦ Αἰόλου, ἀφ´ οὗ Μύλασα πόλις Καρίας. λέγεται καὶ ἡ πόλις Μύλασος, …