Καύκασος

Stephanos of Byzantium - Ethnika

All Letters / Κ Kappa / Καύκασος
ΚαύκασοςLow Confidence OCR ✓ Trans ✓ Confirmed ✓
mountain
Καύκασος, τὸ ὄρος, ὃ καὶ Παροπάνισον καλοῦσι, τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν ὀρῶν μέγιστον. τὸ ἐθνικὸν Καυκάσιος καὶ Καυκασία θηλυκῶς ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας, ἀφ´ οὗ τὸ Καυκασιανός ὡς Κασπιανός. καὶ οὐδετέρως Καυκάσιον. λέγεται καὶ διὰ τοῦ « ι » Καύκασις, ἐξ οὗ τὸ Καυκασίτης, ὡς τὸ Ὀασίτης τῆς Ὀάσιος.

Kaukasos: the mountain, which they also call Paropanison, the greatest of the mountains in Asia. The ethnonym is 'Kaukasios', and 'Kaukasia' in the feminine for the region, from which comes 'Kaukasianos', as in 'Kaspianos'. There is also the neuter 'Kaukasion'. It is also said with ι, 'Kaukasis', from which comes 'Kaukasites', as 'Oasites' is from 'Oasis'.

Text Details

Entry#135
Greek textmeineke (current) · csv_fallback
Source idMeineke 368.20
OCRsimple request (gpt-5.1) on 2025-12-18
Word count46
AI translationgpt-5.5 v3 · gpt-5.5

Mentioned Entities

EntityDetails
ΚαύκασοςCaucasus (mountain) · place · corrected · Q5477
ΠροπαντάνιονPropantanion (alternate name for the mountain) · place
ἈσίαAsia · place
ΚαυκάσιοςCaucasian (ethnic/ethnicon) · people
ΚαυκασίαCaucasia (feminine ethnicon/place) · people
ΚαυκασιανόςCaucasian (ethnic) · people
ΚασπιανόςCaspian (as ethnicon/adjective) · people
ΚαυκάσιοςCaucasian (neuter form) · people
ΚαυκασίτηςCaucasite / inhabitant of the Caucasus · people
ὈσαπίτηςOsapite (inhabitant of Osdia) · people
ὈσδίαOsdia (region/place) · place
Kaukasos / Paropanisonplace · mountain · Asia · explicit · unresolved
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Etymologies

CategoryExplanation
Unclear Metalinguisticthe mountain, which they also call 'Propantanion' (i.e. it is also called Propantanion).
Morphological Compositionthe ethnic adjective Καυκάσιος and the feminine Καυκασία for the country, from which Καυκασιανός (analogous to Κασπιανός), and the neuter Καυκάσιον.
Morphological Compositionit is also said (formed) by the i: Καύκασος, from which Καυκασίτης (is formed), like Ὀσαπίτης from Ὀσδία.

Links

Place linksCaucasus Mountains | 📍 Map | Pleiades
Page scanse9783110219630_i0349.jpg
ReviewOpen review page

Translation Guidance

KindRuleGuidanceDetection
Formula[NO ANTECEDENT] + ἀφ' οὗ + Y (DERIVED NOUN)
formula:85dbc02f91e20d41
Translate as "as per 'Y'"
Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
FormulaX (genitive ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN)
formula:439629f16cfaba3f
Translate as "Y is from 'X'"
Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
FormulaX (MASCULINE ETYMON) + ἀφ' οὗ + Y (DERIVED NOUN)
formula:04e9b95236efcdc4
Translate as "X... from/after whom is 'Y'"
Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
FormulaX (NEUTER ETYMON) + ἀφ' οὗ + Y (DERIVED NOUN)
formula:36c80425f64385f6
Translate as "X... from which is Y" or "X... as per 'Y'"
Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
FormulaX (nominative DERIVED NOUN) + Y (nominative ETYMON)
formula:4e7b910409d678a8
Translate as "'X' is from Y"
Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 2 occurrences
FormulaX (nominative) + ὡς + Y (nominative HOMOMORPH)
formula:1bb0974b95264dde
Translate as "'X' as in 'Y'"
Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 4 occurrences
Formulaδιὰ τοῦ + «X» (GREEK LETTER) + [FORM OF γράφειν]
formula:93bec21ca1d8a38f
Translate as "writes/write/wrote/is written with X"
Domain: SPELLING & PROSODY
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formulaτὸ ἐθνικὸν + X (nominative ETHNONYM)
formula:cfc8a7c494690fc3
Translate as "the ethnonym is 'X'"
Domain: SPATIAL & PREDICATE STATEMENTS
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formulaὡς + X (definite ARTICLE + ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN)
formula:bcd70ae781e7b205
Translate as "just as 'Y' is from the name X"
Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 2 occurrences
Formulaὡς + X (nominative ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN)
formula:7163e35f4bd326d9
Translate as "(just) as 'Y' is from X"
Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 4 occurrences
Glossἐθνικόν τό
gloss:9c5337ad6342cf4a
ethnonym
Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL		Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Glossὄρος ὁ
gloss:184051ff413f789d
mountain, mount (X ὄρος = 'Mount X')
Domain: TERRAIN/LANDMASSES		Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 2 occurrences
Glossχώρα ἡ
gloss:54f628c16aa263ce
region; territory (when belonging to a specific people, tribe, or nation); surrounding territory (when juxtaposed against a πόλις); land (remote or poetical places)
Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL
Rule status: In progress		Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Browse all translation guidance rules

Herodian overlaps

Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.

Herodian 1.209
char LCS 27 (12.3%) · word LCS 6 (13.0%)
Stephanos
Καύκασος, τὸ ὄρος, ὃ καὶ Παροπάνισον καλοῦσι, τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν ὀρῶν μέγιστον. τὸ ἐθνικὸν Καυκάσιος καὶ Καυκασία θηλυκῶς ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας, ἀφ´ οὗ τὸ Καυκασιανός ὡς Κασπιανός. καὶ οὐδετέρως Καυκάσιον. λέγεται καὶ διὰ τοῦ « ι » Καύκασις, ἐξ οὗ τὸ Καυκασίτης, ὡς τὸ Ὀασίτης τῆς Ὀάσιος.
Herodian
… Καρίας ἐν ὁμωνύμῳ νήσῳ κειμένη, ἡ καὶ ὀξυτόνως λεγομένη, Ἴασος δὲ καὶ τὸ Ἄργος ἀπὸ Ἰάσου τοῦ κατ´ ἐνίους πατρὸς Ἰοῦς. Ἴμβρασος ποταμὸς καὶ ἀπ´ αὐτοῦ ἡ Σάμος, Τράγασος, ἀφ´ οὗ Τραγασαί χωρίον ἐν ἠπείρῳ, Καύκασος τὸ ὄρος τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν ὀρῶν μέγιστον, λέγεται καὶ Καύκασις διὰ τοῦ 'ι', Βάργασος, ὁ υἱὸς Βάργης καὶ Ἡρακλέους, ἀφ´ οὗ Βάργασα πόλις Καρίας, Μύλασος υἱὸς Χρυσάορος τοῦ Γλαύκου τοῦ Σισύφου τοῦ Αἰόλου, ἀφ´ οὗ Μύλασα πόλις Καρίας. λέγεται καὶ ἡ πόλις Μύλασος, …

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Last updated: 2026-07-12 10:23:36 UTC