Δυρράχιον - Stephanos Ethnika

Δυρράχιον OCR ✓ Trans ✓ Confirmed ✓

city

Δυρράχιον, πόλις Ἰλλυρική, [καὶ] Ἐπίδαμνος κληθεῖσα ἀπὸ Ἐπιδάμνου. τούτου θυγάτηρ Μέλισσα, ἧς καὶ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος ὁ Δυρράχιος· ἀφ´ ἧς ἔστιν ἐν Ἐπιδάμνῳ τόπος Μελισσώνιος, ἔνθα Ποσειδῶν αὐτῇ συνῆλθεν, ὡς Φίλων. [Στράβων δ´ ἐν ηʹ φησί] “μετὰ δὲ τὸν Ῥιζονικὸν Λίσσος ἐστὶ πόλις καὶ Ἀκρόλισσος καὶ Ἐπίδαμνος Κερκυραίων κτίσμα, ἡ νῦν Δυρράχιον ὁμωνύμως τῇ χερρονήσῳ λεγομένη ἐφ´ ἧς ἵδρυται”. Δέξιππος δὲ ἐν χρονικῶν ιʹ φησὶν οὕτως “καὶ Μακεδόνων τὴν [πρότερον] μὲν Ἐπίδαμνον, ἐσύστερον δὲ Δυρράχιον μετονομασθεῖσαν, πόλιν τῆς Μακεδονίας μεγάλην καὶ εὐδαίμονα κατὰ κράτος αἱροῦσιν”. Ἀλέξανδρος δὲ ἐν Εὐρώπῃ μετὰ τοῦ « σ » Δυσράχιον αὐτὴν καλεῖ “Δυσραχίου τ´ Ἐπίδαμνος ἐπ´ ἀγχιάλου χθονὸς ἀκτῆς”. ἔστι καὶ ἄλλη Λακωνικῆς μία τῶν ρʹ. λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἡ χώρα τῆς Ἰλλυρίας Δυρραχία· Εὐφορίων “ἄστεα Δυρραχίης τε καὶ ἔθνεα Ταυλαντίνων”. καὶ δῆλον ὅτι Δυρράχιος τὸ τούτου ἀρσενικόν, ὡς τοῦ Ἀνακτόριον τὸ Ἀνακτόριος, Βυζάντιον Βυζάντιος, Θούριον Θούριος, Κούριον Κούριος. Ἐρατοσθένης γʹ γεωγραφουμένων “ἐχόμενοι δ´ οἰκοῦσι Ταυλάντιοι. πόλις δὲ Ἑλληνὶς Ἐπίδαμνος ἐπὶ χερρονήσου τῆς καλουμένης Δυρραχίου. ποταμοὶ δὲ Δρίλων καὶ Ἀῶος, περὶ οὓς οἱ Κάδμου καὶ Ἁρμονίας τάφοι δείκνυνται”. ὅμως δὲ νῦν Δυρραχηνοί λέγονται. οὕτω γὰρ καὶ Βάλακρος ἐν Μακεδονικοῖς φησί “καὶ τούτων αἱ πόλεις Δυρραχηνοῖς τε καὶ Ἀπολλωνιάταις ἐπιδιῄρηνται”. καὶ Ἑρέννιος Φίλων ἐν τοῖς Ἰατρικοῖς Δυρραχηνὸν ἀναγράφει Φιλωνίδην οὕτως “Ἀσκληπιάδης ἀκουστὰς ἔσχε Τίτον Αὐφίδιον Σικελὸν καὶ Φιλωνίδην Δυρραχηνὸν καὶ Νίκωνα Ἀκραγαντῖνον”. καὶ πάλιν “Φιλωνίδης δὲ ὁ Δυρραχηνὸς ἤκουσε μὲν Ἀσκληπιάδου, ἰατρεύσας δὲ ἐν τῇ πατρίδι ἐνδόξως συνετάξατο βιβλία μέ”. λέγει δὲ Παυσανίας ϛʹ περὶ τῆς ἀρχαίας καὶ τῆς νῦν πόλεως οὕτως “Ἐπιδάμνιοι μὲν χώραν ἥν περ καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, πόλιν δὲ οὐ τὴν ἀρχαίαν ἐπὶ ἡμῶν ἔχουσιν, ἐκείνης δ´ ἀφεστηκυῖαν ὀλίγον· ὄνομα δὲ τῇ πόλει [τῇ νῦν] Δυρράχιον ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ”.

Translation pending

Text Details

Entry	#143
Greek text	meineke (current) · csv_fallback
Source id	Meineke 243.3
OCR	gemini-constrained (gemini-3-flash-preview) on 2025-12-22
Word count	292

Cited Authors

Author	Work / Citation
Ἀλέξανδρος (Alexander)	Ἐυρώπῃ · SH 25
Δέξιππος (Dexippus)	Χρονικῶν
Εὐφορίων (Euphorion)	—
Ἐρέννιος Φίλων (Erennios Philon)	τοῖς Ἰατροῖς · FGrHist 790 F 53
Ἐρατοσθένης (Eratosthenes)	Γεωγραφουμένων · fr. III B, 109, p. 355 Berger
Γεωγραφουμέναι/Γεωγραφουμένων ((Work) Geographoumenon)	—
Βάλακρος (Balakros)	Μακεδονικοῖς · FGrHist 773 F 2
Παυσανίας (Pausanias)	(6,10,8)

Mentioned Entities

Entity	Details
Δυρράχιον	Dyrrhachium (Durrës) · place · corrected · Q504771
Δυρράχιον	Dyrrhachium (variant spelling) · place · corrected · Q504771
Ἰλλυρία	Illyria · place
Ἐπίδαμνος	Epidamnos (Epidamnus) · place · corrected · Q3567546
Μέλισσα	Melissa · person
Ποσειδῶν	Poseidon · deity · corrected · Q41127
Δυρράχιος	Dyrrachios (eponym) · person
Μελισσώνιος	Melissonios (place) · place
Εὐρώπη	Europe · place
Κερκυραῖοι	Corcyraeans (inhabitants of Corcyra) · people
Μακεδόνες	Macedonians · people
Ταυλάντιοι	Taulantii (Illyrian tribe) · people · corrected · Q1271795
Δυρραχηνοί	Dyrrachenians (inhabitants of Dyrrhachium) · people
Φιλωνίδης	Philonides · person
Ἀσκληπιάδης	Asclepiades · person
Τίτος Αὐφίδιος Σικελός	Titus Aufidius the Sicilian · person · corrected · Q11951960
Νίκων Ἀκραγαντῖνος	Nikon of Akragas · person
Ἀνακτόριον	Anaktorion (place) · place
Ἀνακτόριος	Anaktorios (place-name adjective) · place
Βυζάντιον	Byzantion (Byzantium/Constantinople) · place · corrected · Q23725
Βυζάντιος	Byzantios (Byzantian, adj./eponym) · place
Θούριον	Thourion (Thurii) · place · corrected · Q6924107
Θούριος	Thourios (adj./eponym) · place
Κούριον	Kourion · place · corrected · Q1785592
Κούριος	Kourios (adj./eponym) · place
Δρίλων	Drilon (river) · place · corrected · Q213975
Ἄωος	Aoos (river) · place · corrected · Q81503
Κάδμος	Cadmus · person · corrected · Q27613
Ἁρμονία	Harmonia · person
Ἀπολλωνιάται/Ἀπολλωνιάταις	Apolloniates (inhabitants of Apollonia) · people
Ἐπιδάμνιοι	Epidaemnians (inhabitants of Epidamnos) · people
Dyrrhachion / Epidamnos (Illyrian city)	place · city · Illyria · explicit · unresolved
Dyrrhachia (country/region of Illyria)	place · region · Illyria · explicit · unresolved
Melissonios (place in Epidamnos)	place · place · Epidamnos / Dyrrhachion · explicit · unresolved

Etymologies

Category	Explanation
Eponym Person	Called 'Epidamnos', from Epida(m)nos (i.e. named after Epida(m)nos).
Eponym Person	This man's daughter Melissa … from whom the place (Melissōnios) (is named).
Eponym Person	(The) Dyrrhachios of Poseidon (i.e. Dyrrhachios as a (mythical) person associated with Poseidon, serving as eponym).
Eponym Person	The name of the city Dyrrhachion is from the oikist (the founder).
Morphological Composition	‘Dyrrhachios’ is the masculine form of the place-name, as Anaktorion→Anaktorios, Byzantion→Byzantios, Thourion→Thourios, Kourion→Kouros — i.e. a morphological formation of the ethnicon/anthroponym from the place-name.
Unclear Metalinguistic	Formerly Epidamnon, later renamed Dyrrhachion (i.e. the city was renamed).

Links

Place links	Epidamnos \| 📍 Map \| Pleiades
Page scans	vol2_109.jpg, vol2_111.jpg, vol2_113.jpg, vol2_115.jpg
Review	Open review page

Translation Guidance

Kind	Rule	Guidance	Detection
Formula	[NO ANTECEDENT] + ἀφ' οὗ + Y (DERIVED NOUN) formula:85dbc02f91e20d41	Translate as "as per 'Y'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (AUTHOR NAME) + Y (NUMERAL) formula:a0ca4574d7d0ffdb	Translate as "X, book Y" Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (genitive ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN) formula:439629f16cfaba3f	Translate as "Y is from 'X'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (nominative AUTHOR NAME)... + ὡς αὐτός formula:4caae33810f40dfa	Translate as "X... as per X." Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (nominative DERIVED NOUN) + Y (nominative ETYMON) formula:4e7b910409d678a8	Translate as "'X' is from Y" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (nominative PROPER NOUN)... + ἀπό + Y (genitive ARTICLE + genitive ETYMON) formula:8856d9e4780f3c74	Translate as "X... from the form 'Y'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (nominative PROPER NOUN) ... + ἀπό + Y (genitive ETYMON) formula:7c2ffc889ab09d8d	Translate as "X... after Y" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	X (nominative) + ὡς + Y (nominative HOMOMORPH) formula:1bb0974b95264dde	Translate as "'X' as in 'Y'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	ὁ πολίτης + X (nominative GENTILIC) formula:9b2896a329a36c7e	Translate as "a citizen is an 'X'" Domain: SPATIAL & PREDICATE STATEMENTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 3 occurrences
Formula	τὸ ἐθνικὸν + X (nominative ETHNONYM) formula:cfc8a7c494690fc3	Translate as "the ethnonym is 'X'" Domain: SPATIAL & PREDICATE STATEMENTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 3 occurrences
Formula	Χ (AUTHOR NAME) + ἐν + Y (dative NUMBER) + Z (genitive BOOK NAME) formula:c22408ee90fd1a1e	*Translate as "X, in book Y of his Z"* Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	ὡς + X (AUTHOR NAME) formula:d915b1886270056c	Translate as "as per X" Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	ὡς + X (definite ARTICLE + ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN) formula:bcd70ae781e7b205	Translate as "just as 'Y' is from the name X" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Formula	ὡς + X (nominative ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN) formula:7163e35f4bd326d9	Translate as "(just) as 'Y' is from X" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Gloss	ἄκρον τό gloss:e28240a1e2cb325b	cape (when on the coast, sgl.), headlands (when on the coast, plu.); peak (when inland) Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἀκρωτήριον τό gloss:a5a6a6388e65ee23	cape Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἀκτή ἡ gloss:debf8cab78f25544	headland, point Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Gloss	γένος τό gloss:c746b76469e4485d	descent Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	δῆμος ὁ gloss:e4ad995bede3b3b3	deme Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἐθνικόν τό gloss:9c5337ad6342cf4a	ethnonym Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 3 occurrences
Gloss	ἔθνος τό gloss:918b9f988d9a14d8	people Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἐπιχώριος -α -ον (κατὰ τὸν ἐπιχώριον) gloss:a5a8d4938aac5b47	local (in the local form) Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 3 occurrences
Gloss	ἱστορικός ὁ gloss:f02a916b8e56ad5f	scholar (note Steph. doesn't use σχολαστικός) Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	καλεῖται/ἐκαλεῖτο/κέκληται/ἐκλήθη (ἀπο...) gloss:ef7a95cd709173ed	is/used to be/is/was called/named after (+ ἀπο) Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	κατὰ τέχνην; ἐκ τῆς τέχνης gloss:3413cbe76a6e6b70	according to the grammatical rule; from the grammatical rule Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	κτητικόν τό gloss:80c7f336a009c2c3	possessive Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	κτίσμα τό gloss:fb49af0b4b56155e	foundation Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	λιμή ὁ gloss:6f81c31b2d09b3f3	lake, harbor Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	μοῖρα ἡ gloss:f14779ed84e09347	region or part (in geographic contexts); district (in urban contexts only) Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	οἰκήτωρ ὁ gloss:3810d98aa6c81247	inhabitant, resident, patron (of a brothel...? - κ123) Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	οἰκιστῆς ὁ gloss:aaca0d0b7e1045f9	founder Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ὁμωνύμως/ὁμώνυμος -ον gloss:0fbae2a88778c0fa	homonymous, having the same name Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	πόλισμα τό * gloss:9651cd1c383eacc4	town Domain: SETTLEMENTS/STRUCTURES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 4 occurrences
Gloss	προπαροξύνω gloss:73cd528e5d0d8546	accent with acute on the antepenult Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	προπερισπάω gloss:5bc4931832242610	accent with circumflex on the ultima Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	σχοῖνος ὁ gloss:a80b69f3b4f1487e	schoinos, chain, rope (apparently a distance of a few kms, cf. papyri) Domain: MEASUREMENT & SPACE Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	τεῖχος τό gloss:e184afb0551538f4	wall, fortification, barrier Domain: SETTLEMENTS/STRUCTURES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	τόνος ὁ gloss:06fca58898cc9623	stress (oxytone if + ὀξύς; barytone if + βαρύς) Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	φυλή ἡ gloss:d443eaa1b875776d	tribe Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	χερσόνησος (χερρόνησος) ἡ gloss:06a2cd955f7fdcc9	peninsula Domain: WATER BODIES/COASTS	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 2 occurrences
Gloss	χρῆσις ἡ gloss:17be259c20c17d03	common usage Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 5 occurrences
Gloss	χώρα ἡ gloss:54f628c16aa263ce	region; territory (when belonging to a specific people, tribe, or nation); surrounding territory (when juxtaposed against a πόλις); land (remote or poetical places) Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 3 scan rows · 4 occurrences
Gloss	χωρίον τό gloss:619c2907ea980b25	locality; point (only in μέσα χωρία: ‘halfway point’) Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence

Herodian overlaps

Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.

No significant Herodian overlaps were found for this headword in the latest run.