Κυρταία - Stephanos Ethnika

Κυρταία OCR ✓ Trans ✓ Confirmed ✓

city

Κυρταία, πόλις ἐν τῇ Ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ, εἰς ἣν ὑπερώρισεν Ἀρταξέρξης Μεγάβυζον. Κτησίας τρίτῳ Περσικῶν. τὸ ἐθνικὸν ἐκ τῆς τέχνης Κυρταιανός, ἐκ δὲ τῆς χώρας Κυρταιηνός ὡς Σωφηνός καὶ Ἀραξηνός.

Kyrtaia: a city on the Red Sea, to which Artaxerxes exiled Megabyzos. Ktesias in book 3 of his Persika. According to the grammatical rule the ethnonym is 'Kyrtaianos', but in local usage it is 'Kyrtaienos'.

Text Details

Entry	#294
Greek text	meineke
Edition ids	Meineke 397.15 · Billerbeck Κ294
OCR	gemini-constrained (gemini-3-flash-preview) on 2025-12-23
Word count	29

Cited Authors

Author	Work / Citation
Κτησίας (Ktesias)	Περσικῶν · fr. 14a Lenfant = FGrHist 688 F 14a
Σωφηνός (Sophenos)	—
Ἀραξηνός (Araxenos)	—

Mentioned Entities

Entity	Details
Κυρταία	Kyrtaia (Kyrtaea) · place
Ἐρυθρά (θάλασσα)	Red Sea · place
Ἀρταξέρξης	Artaxerxes · person
Μεγάβυζος	Megabyzus · person
Κυρταιανός	Kyrtaean (ethnic) · people
Κυρταιηνός	Kyrtaean (from the country) · people

Etymologies

Category	Explanation
Morphological Composition	The ethnic (demonym) from the trade/formation is Κυρταιανός, and from the region (land) Κυρταιηνός, according to Sophenos and Araxenos.

Links

Page scans	e9783110219630_i0892.jpg
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Translation Guidance

Kind	Rule	Guidance	Detection
Formula	X (AUTHOR NAME) + Y (dative NUMBER) + Z (genitive BOOK NAME) formula:5e7f1861601f28d1	*Translate as "X, book Y in his Z"* Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (AUTHOR NAME) + Y (NUMERAL) formula:a0ca4574d7d0ffdb	Translate as "X, book Y" Domain: SOURCE CITATIONS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (genitive ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN) formula:439629f16cfaba3f	Translate as "Y is from 'X'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	X (nominative) + ὡς + Y (nominative HOMOMORPH) formula:1bb0974b95264dde	Translate as "'X' as in 'Y'" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	τὸ ἐθνικὸν + X (nominative ETHNONYM) formula:cfc8a7c494690fc3	Translate as "the ethnonym is 'X'" Domain: SPATIAL & PREDICATE STATEMENTS Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 2 occurrences
Formula	ὡς + X (definite ARTICLE + ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN) formula:bcd70ae781e7b205	Translate as "just as 'Y' is from the name X" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Formula	ὡς + X (nominative ETYMON) + Y (nominative DERIVED NOUN) formula:7163e35f4bd326d9	Translate as "(just) as 'Y' is from X" Domain: COMPARISONS & DERIVATIONAL ANALOGIES Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	ἐθνικόν τό gloss:9c5337ad6342cf4a	ethnonym Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL	Matched · high confidence · 1 scan row · 1 occurrence
Gloss	κατὰ τέχνην; ἐκ τῆς τέχνης gloss:3413cbe76a6e6b70	according to the grammatical rule; from the grammatical rule Domain: LINGUISTIC/META-LINGUISTIC Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences
Gloss	χώρα ἡ gloss:54f628c16aa263ce	region; territory (when belonging to a specific people, tribe, or nation); surrounding territory (when juxtaposed against a πόλις); land (remote or poetical places) Domain: POLITCAL/CULTURAL Rule status: In progress	Matched · high confidence · 2 scan rows · 2 occurrences

Herodian overlaps

Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.

Herodian 1.283

char LCS 83 (53.5%) · word LCS 14 (48.3%)

Stephanos

Κυρταία, πόλις ἐν τῇ Ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ, εἰς ἣν ὑπερώρισεν Ἀρταξέρξης Μεγάβυζον. Κτησίας τρίτῳ Περσικῶν. τὸ ἐθνικὸν ἐκ τῆς τέχνης Κυρταιανός, ἐκ δὲ τῆς χώρας Κυρταιηνός ὡς Σωφηνός καὶ Ἀραξηνός.

Herodian

…ὔδοξος δὲ διὰ τοῦ 'θ' φησί. Λυκόφρων (v. 907) «καὶ Κασταναίαν ἀκτέριστον ἐν πέτραις». Κοσσαία μέρος Περσίδος· Στράβων ιϛʹ. ἔστι καὶ Θρᾴκης πολίχνιον. Καρταία πόλις Ἰβηρίας, περὶ ἧς Ἀρτεμίδωρος ἐν δευτέρῳ γεωγραφουμένων. Κυρταία πόλις ἐν τῇ Ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ, εἰς ἣν ὑπερώρισεν Ἀρταξέρξης Μεγάβυζον. Κτησίας τρίτω Περσικῶν. Κυτταία πόλις Κολχική, ἣ καὶ Κύτα. Λυκόφρων (v. 1312) «ὃς εἰς Κυταίαν τὴν Λιβυστίνην μολών». Λιβυσσαία ἀπὸ τοῦ Λίβυσσα. Λιμναία κώμη τοῦ Ἄργους. Θουκυδίδης ( 2, 80). Νυμφαία ἡ νῆσος Καλυψοῦς παρὰ τῷ Ἀδρίᾳ. Ὀρδαία πόλις…