Μέγαρα - Stephanos Ethnika

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city

Entry #106
Greek source: meineke
Meineke: 438.13 | Billerbeck: Μ106
OCR: gemini-constrained (gemini-3-flash-preview) on 2025-12-28
Word count: 129
AI prompt: v1
Sources: Θέογνις (Theognis) [Παραινέσεις], Στράβων (Strabo) 9,1,8 [C 393,13]
Entities: Μέγαρα (Megara) [place], Ἰσθμός (Isthmus (of Corinth)) [place], Πελοπόννησος (Peloponnese) [place], Ἀττική (Attica) [place], Βοιωτία (Boeotia) [place], Νἰσαια (Nisaea (port of Megara)) [place], Μεγαρεύς (Megareus) [person], Ἀπόλλων (Apollo) [deity], Αἰγεύς (Aegeus) [person], Πανδίων (Pandion) [person], Ἐρεχθεύς (Erechtheus) [person], Ἥφαιστος (Hephaestus) [deity], Μεγαρεύς (a Megarian (male citizen) / Megareus (demonym)) [people], Εὐκλείδης (Euclid (of Megara)) [person], Μέγαρα (Megara (variant mention later)) [place], Μεγαρίς (Megaris (feminine form)) [place], Μεγαρηίς (Megareis / Megaris (variant)) [place], Μέγαρα (from Megara (local form)) [place], Μέγαρα (in Megara (local form)) [place], Πυθώ (Pytho (old name of Delphi)) [place], Θετταλία (Thessaly) [place], Πόντος (Pontus) [place], Ἰλλυρία (Illyria) [place], Μολοσσία (Molossia (region of the Molossians)) [place], Σικελία (Sicily) [place], Ὕβλη (Hybla (former name)) [place], Ὕβλων (Hyblon (king)) [person], Ὑβλαῖοι (Hyblaians) [people]
Etymologies: Eponym Person: It was named from Megareus, (son) of Apollo.; Eponym Person: Or (it was named) from Aigeus, son of Pandion, son of Erechtheus, son of Hephaestus.; Morphological Composition: Or because of the roughness/harshness of the land (i.e. from the adjective 'τραχύ').; Unclear Metalinguistic: The local forms 'Μεγαρόθεν' derive from the place (i.e. formed from the toponym).; Eponym Person: (The Megara in Sicily was) formerly Hybla, from Hyblon the king.
Source: e9783110219630_i1355.jpg
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Μέγαρα, πόλις περὶ τὸν Ἰσθμόν, μέση Πελοποννήσου καὶ Ἀττικῆς καὶ Βοιωτίας, ἧς ἐπίνειον ἡ Νίσαια. ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ Μεγαρέως τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος ἢ τοῦ Αἰγέως τοῦ Πανδίονος τοῦ Ἐρεχθέως τοῦ Ἡφαίστου, ἢ διὰ τὸ τραχὺ τῆς χώρας. ὁ πολίτης Μεγαρεύς. ἀφ´ ὧν Θέογνις ὁ τὰς παραινέσεις γράψας. ἦν δὲ σχολὴ φιλοσόφων Μεγαρικῶν λεγομένη, διαδεξαμένων Εὐκλείδην Μεγαρέα Σωκρατικόν, ὡς Στράβων ἐνάτῃ. τὸ θηλυκὸν ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας Μεγαρίς καὶ Μεγαρηίς. καὶ κτητικὸν Μεγαρικός. οὕτω δὲ καὶ τοὺς Μεγαρικοὺς κεράμους διὰ τοῦ « ε » χρὴ λέγειν, οὐ διὰ τοῦ « α », ὡς οἱ ἔμποροι τὴν ἄρχουσαν παραφθείροντες. τὰ τοπικὰ Μεγαρόθεν ἐκ τόπου, καὶ ἐν τόπῳ Μεγαροῖ ὡς Πυθοῖ. ἔστι καὶ Μέγαρα ἐν Θετταλίᾳ. τρίτη ἐν Πόντῳ. τετάρτη ἐν Ἰλλυρίδι. πέμπτη ἐν Μολοσσίδι. ἕκτη ἐν Σικελίᾳ, ἡ πρότερον Ὕβλη ἀπὸ Ὕβλωνος βασιλέως. καὶ Ὑβλαῖοι οἱ πολῖται.

Megara: a city about the Isthmus, midway between the Peloponnese and Attica and Boeotia; its harbor is Nisaia. It was named either from Megareus, son of Apollo, or from Aigeus, son of Pandion son of Erechtheus son of Hephaistos, or else on account of the roughness of the country. The citizen is Megareus; from these [came] Theognis, who wrote the Exhortations. There was also a school of philosophers called “Megarian,” succeeding Euclides of Megara, a Socratic—so Strabo, book 9. The feminine, of the country, is Megaris and Megareïs; and the possessive adjective Megarikos. Thus also one must say “Megarian jars” with epsilon (Megareikoi), not with alpha, as merchants, corrupting the leading vowel, do. The local forms are Megarothen for “from the place,” and Megaroi for “in the place,” as (one says) Pythoi. There is also a Megara in Thessaly; a third in Pontus; a fourth in Illyris; a fifth in Molossia; a sixth in Sicily, formerly Hybla, from King Hyblon. And the citizens are Hyblaioi.

Herodian overlaps

Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.

Herodian 1.385

char LCS 172 (27.0%) · word LCS 36 (27.9%)

Stephanos

Μέγαρα, πόλις περὶ τὸν Ἰσθμόν, μέση Πελοποννήσου καὶ Ἀττικῆς καὶ Βοιωτίας, ἧς ἐπίνειον ἡ Νίσαια. ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ Μεγαρέως τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος ἢ τοῦ Αἰγέως τοῦ Πανδίονος τοῦ Ἐρεχθέως τοῦ Ἡφαίστου, ἢ διὰ τὸ τραχὺ τῆς χώρας. ὁ πολίτης Μεγαρεύς. ἀφ´ ὧν Θέογνις ὁ τὰς παραινέσεις γράψας. ἦν δὲ σχολὴ φιλοσόφων Μεγαρικῶν λεγομένη, διαδεξαμένων Εὐκλείδην Μεγαρέα Σωκρατικόν, ὡς Στράβων ἐνάτῃ. τὸ θηλυκὸν ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας Μεγαρίς καὶ Μεγαρηίς. καὶ κτη…

Herodian

… ἀπὸ τοῦ πλευρά μεταπλασσόμενον τὸν αὐτὸν τόνον φυλάσσει ὡς καὶ πυρά ἀπὸ τοῦ πυραί. τὸ δὲ νεῦρα διάφορον τοῦ νευραί ἔχει σημαινόμενον. Τὰ εἰς 'ρον' ὑπερδισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'α' ἢ τῷ 'ε' βαρύνεται, μέγαρον· ἔστι καὶ Μέγαρα πόλις περὶ τὸν Ἰσθμόν, μέση Πελοποννήσου καὶ Ἀττικῆς καὶ Βοιωτίας, ἧς ἐπίνειον ἡ Νίσαια. ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ Μεγαρέως τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος ἢ τοῦ Αἰγέως τοῦ Πανδίονος τοῦ Ἐρεχθέως τοῦ Ἡφαίστου ἢ διὰ τὸ τραχὺ τῆς χώρας. ἔστι καὶ Μέγαρα ἐν Θετταλίᾳ. τρίτη ἐν Πόντῳ. τετάρτη ἐν Ἰλλυρίδι, πέμπτη ἐν Μολοσσίδι, ἕκτη ἐν Σικελίᾳ ἡ πρότερον Ὕβλη ἀπὸ Ὕβλωνος βασιλέως. βλέφαρον, γάργαρον· ἔστι καὶ Γάργαρα πόλις τῆς Τρῳάδος ἐπὶ τῇ ἄκρᾳ τῆς Ἴδης, …