Stephanos of Byzantium - Ethnika
Megara: a city around the Isthmos, between the Peloponnese and Attike and Boiotia; its harbour is Nisaia. It was named after Megareus son of Apollo, or after Aigeus son of Pandion son of Erechtheus son of Hephaistos, or because of the roughness of the country. A citizen is a 'Megareus'. From them comes Theognis, who wrote the Exhortations. There was also a school of philosophers called Megarians, successors of Eukleides of Megara, a Socratic, as Strabo, book 9. In the feminine, of the country, 'Megaris' and 'Megareis'. The possessive is 'Megarikos'. Thus one should also say the Megarian potsherds with ε, not with α, as the merchants do, corrupting the correct form. The locatives are 'Megarothen', meaning 'from a place', and, for 'in a place', 'Megaroi', as 'Pythoi'. There is also Megara in Thessaly; in the Black Sea; in Illyris; in Molossis; in Sicily, formerly Hybla, after Hyblon king; and the citizens are 'Hyblaioi'.
Stephanos excerpt (left) is aligned with matched Herodian passages (right). Colors indicate corresponding overlap spans.
Μέγαρα, πόλις περὶ τὸν Ἰσθμόν, μέση Πελοποννήσου καὶ Ἀττικῆς καὶ Βοιωτίας, ἧς ἐπίνειον ἡ Νίσαια. ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ Μεγαρέως τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος ἢ τοῦ Αἰγέως τοῦ Πανδίονος τοῦ Ἐρεχθέως τοῦ Ἡφαίστου, ἢ διὰ τὸ τραχὺ τῆς χώρας. ὁ πολίτης Μεγαρεύς. ἀφ´ ὧν Θέογνις ὁ τὰς παραινέσεις γράψας. ἦν δὲ σχολὴ φιλοσόφων Μεγαρικῶν λεγομένη, διαδεξαμένων Εὐκλείδην Μεγαρέα Σωκρατικόν, ὡς Στράβων ἐνάτῃ. τὸ θηλυκὸν ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας Μεγαρίς καὶ Μεγαρηίς. καὶ κτη…
… ἀπὸ τοῦ πλευρά μεταπλασσόμενον τὸν αὐτὸν τόνον φυλάσσει ὡς καὶ πυρά ἀπὸ τοῦ πυραί. τὸ δὲ νεῦρα διάφορον τοῦ νευραί ἔχει σημαινόμενον. Τὰ εἰς 'ρον' ὑπερδισύλλαβα παραληγόμενα τῷ 'α' ἢ τῷ 'ε' βαρύνεται, μέγαρον· ἔστι καὶ Μέγαρα πόλις περὶ τὸν Ἰσθμόν, μέση Πελοποννήσου καὶ Ἀττικῆς καὶ Βοιωτίας, ἧς ἐπίνειον ἡ Νίσαια. ἐκλήθη δὲ ἀπὸ Μεγαρέως τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος ἢ τοῦ Αἰγέως τοῦ Πανδίονος τοῦ Ἐρεχθέως τοῦ Ἡφαίστου ἢ διὰ τὸ τραχὺ τῆς χώρας. ἔστι καὶ Μέγαρα ἐν Θετταλίᾳ. τρίτη ἐν Πόντῳ. τετάρτη ἐν Ἰλλυρίδι, πέμπτη ἐν Μολοσσίδι, ἕκτη ἐν Σικελίᾳ ἡ πρότερον Ὕβλη ἀπὸ Ὕβλωνος βασιλέως. βλέφαρον, γάργαρον· ἔστι καὶ Γάργαρα πόλις τῆς Τρῳάδος ἐπὶ τῇ ἄκρᾳ τῆς Ἴδης, …